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  • Ammonia and Water Acidity Comparison

Ammonia and Water Acidity Comparison

Comparison of acidity between ammonia and water
Ammonia and water are both common compounds, and the exploration of their acidity and alkalinity is very important in the field of chemistry. Let's discuss the difference in acidity between ammonia and water.

Water has a molecular structure of\ (H_ {2} O\). In water molecules, oxygen atoms are quite electronegative and attract hydrogen atoms to electron clouds. When water molecules undergo self-coupling ionization, they can produce\ (H ^ {+}\) and\ (OH ^{-}\) , whose ionization equation is\ (H_ {2} O + H_ {2} O\ rightleftharpoons H_ {3} O ^{+} + OH ^{-}\), Although this process is weak, it lays the foundation for the acidity and alkalinity of water. At room temperature, the ionic product constant of water\ (K_ {w} = c (H ^ {+}) \ cdot c (OH ^{-}) = 1.0\ times10 ^ {-14}\) is neutral because\ (H ^ {+}\) is equal to the concentration of\ (OH ^{-}\) .

The chemical formula of ammonia is\ (NH_ {3}\), and the nitrogen atom has a pair of lone pairs of electrons in its molecular structure. Ammonia in water, the main reaction occurs as follows:\ (NH_ {3} + H_ {2} O\ rightleftharpoons NH_ {4} ^ {+} + OH ^{-}\) , This reaction shows that ammonia in water is not directly given\ (H ^{+}\) , but combined with water molecules ionization\ (H ^{+}\) , make the solution\ (OH ^{-}\) concentration increases, the solution is alkaline.

From the perspective of the ability to give\ (H ^{+}\) , water can weakly ionize\ (H ^{+}\) , and ammonia cannot directly give\ (H ^{+}\) , but binds\ (H ^{+}\) 。 so water gives\ (H ^{+}\) stronger than ammonia. According to the definition of acidity, acidity is the ability of a substance to give\ (H ^{+}\) . The stronger the ability to give\ (H ^{+}\) , the stronger the acidity. It can be seen that water is more acidic than ammonia, but not more acidic than water.

In summary, water is more acidic than ammonia, and this conclusion is based on the difference in the ionization behavior of the two in water and the ability to give\ (H ^{+}\) .