Shanxian Chemical
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Ammonia water absorption refrigeration cycle
Ammonia-Water Absorption Refrigeration Cycle
1. Principle Brief Description
Ammonia-water absorption refrigeration cycle uses ammonia as refrigerant and water as absorber. This cycle realizes refrigeration based on the phase change of ammonia at different pressures and temperatures and the absorption and desorption characteristics of water to ammonia.
2. Cycle Flow
1. ** Generator **: The ammonia-water mixed solution is heated in the generator. Because the boiling point of ammonia is lower than that of water, after heating, ammonia evaporates and separates from the solution to form high temperature and high pressure ammonia gas, while the remaining ammonia-water mixed solution with lower concentration. In this process, the heat energy provided by the outside world prompts the desorption of ammonia from the mixed liquid.
2. ** Condenser **: The high-temperature and high-pressure ammonia gas coming out of the generator enters the condenser. In the condenser, the ammonia gas is heat exchanged with the cooling medium (such as cooling water). After releasing the heat, it condenses into liquid ammonia, and the temperature and pressure are reduced.
3. ** Throttle valve **: The liquid ammonia is throttled and reduced by the throttle valve. The pressure and temperature drop sharply and become a gas-liquid mixture at low temperature and low pressure. This process is adiabatic expansion. The enthalpy value of the fluid remains unchanged, but part of the liquid is vaporized and the temperature is reduced.
4. ** Evaporator **: The ammonia-liquid mixture at low temperature and low pressure enters the In the evaporator, the ammonia liquid absorbs the heat of the object to be cooled (such as the refrigerant) and evaporates, so that the temperature of the object to be cooled is reduced, and the purpose of refrigeration is achieved. The ammonia pressure and temperature after evaporation are slightly increased.
5. ** Absorber **: The ammonia gas from the evaporator enters the absorber and is absorbed by the dilute ammonia-water mixed solution after throttling and lowering the pressure from the generator to re-form the concentrated ammonia-water mixed solution. During the absorption process, heat will be released and needs to be taken away by the cooling medium to maintain a lower temperature in the absorber, which is conducive to the absorption process.
6. ** Solution Pump **: The concentrated ammonia-water mixed solution formed in the absorber is boosted by the solution pump and sent back to the generator to complete a cycle.
III. Advantages and Applications
1. ** Advantages **: The cycle can utilize low-grade thermal energy (such as industrial waste heat, solar energy, etc.) as a driving energy source, and the comprehensive utilization efficiency of energy is high. And the system operation is relatively stable, the noise is small, and it is environmentally friendly. Ammonia has no destructive effect on the ozone layer.
2. ** Applications **: Widely used in the refrigeration link in industrial production, such as chemical industry, food processing and other industries. The ammonia-water absorption refrigeration cycle can effectively reduce the cost of refrigeration in some plants with residual heat available. At the same time, in some places with high environmental requirements, its environmental protection characteristics also make it valuable for application.
1. Principle Brief Description
Ammonia-water absorption refrigeration cycle uses ammonia as refrigerant and water as absorber. This cycle realizes refrigeration based on the phase change of ammonia at different pressures and temperatures and the absorption and desorption characteristics of water to ammonia.
2. Cycle Flow
1. ** Generator **: The ammonia-water mixed solution is heated in the generator. Because the boiling point of ammonia is lower than that of water, after heating, ammonia evaporates and separates from the solution to form high temperature and high pressure ammonia gas, while the remaining ammonia-water mixed solution with lower concentration. In this process, the heat energy provided by the outside world prompts the desorption of ammonia from the mixed liquid.
2. ** Condenser **: The high-temperature and high-pressure ammonia gas coming out of the generator enters the condenser. In the condenser, the ammonia gas is heat exchanged with the cooling medium (such as cooling water). After releasing the heat, it condenses into liquid ammonia, and the temperature and pressure are reduced.
3. ** Throttle valve **: The liquid ammonia is throttled and reduced by the throttle valve. The pressure and temperature drop sharply and become a gas-liquid mixture at low temperature and low pressure. This process is adiabatic expansion. The enthalpy value of the fluid remains unchanged, but part of the liquid is vaporized and the temperature is reduced.
4. ** Evaporator **: The ammonia-liquid mixture at low temperature and low pressure enters the In the evaporator, the ammonia liquid absorbs the heat of the object to be cooled (such as the refrigerant) and evaporates, so that the temperature of the object to be cooled is reduced, and the purpose of refrigeration is achieved. The ammonia pressure and temperature after evaporation are slightly increased.
5. ** Absorber **: The ammonia gas from the evaporator enters the absorber and is absorbed by the dilute ammonia-water mixed solution after throttling and lowering the pressure from the generator to re-form the concentrated ammonia-water mixed solution. During the absorption process, heat will be released and needs to be taken away by the cooling medium to maintain a lower temperature in the absorber, which is conducive to the absorption process.
6. ** Solution Pump **: The concentrated ammonia-water mixed solution formed in the absorber is boosted by the solution pump and sent back to the generator to complete a cycle.
III. Advantages and Applications
1. ** Advantages **: The cycle can utilize low-grade thermal energy (such as industrial waste heat, solar energy, etc.) as a driving energy source, and the comprehensive utilization efficiency of energy is high. And the system operation is relatively stable, the noise is small, and it is environmentally friendly. Ammonia has no destructive effect on the ozone layer.
2. ** Applications **: Widely used in the refrigeration link in industrial production, such as chemical industry, food processing and other industries. The ammonia-water absorption refrigeration cycle can effectively reduce the cost of refrigeration in some plants with residual heat available. At the same time, in some places with high environmental requirements, its environmental protection characteristics also make it valuable for application.
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