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Calculation of Hydrogen Quantum Numbers
Calculation of the quantum number of hydrogen
Calculation of the quantum number of hydrogen is related to the microstructure of atoms and involves profound theory. The number has the principal quantum number\ (n\), which represents the energy level of the electron,\ (n = 1, 2, 3,\ cdots\). The larger the value, the higher the energy level, and the farther the electron is from the nucleus.
The angular quantum number\ (l\), which is related to the shape of the electron cloud,\ (l = 0, 1,\ cdots, n - 1\). When\ (l = 0\), the cloud is spherical;\ (l = 1\), shaped like a dumbbell. It is related to the main quantum number, indicating the electron sublayer.
Magnetic quantum number\ (m_l\), the extension direction of the surface electron cloud in space,\ (m_l = -l, -l + 1,\ cdots, 0,\ cdots, l - 1, l\). For example,\ (l = 1 \) ， \( m_l\) can be taken\ (-1, 0, 1\), that is, the dumbbell-shaped electron cloud has three extension directions.
Spin quantum number\ (m_s\), related to the electron spin, the value\ (\ pm\ frac {1} {2}\), the two spin states of the electron, similar to clockwise and counterclockwise rotation.
Calculate these quantum numbers, according to the principles of atomic physics, the atomic spectrum, external magnetic field and other methods can be used. According to the lines of the energy spectrum, the energy level transition, the value of the quantum number can be deduced.
In summary, to calculate the hydrogen quantum number, it is necessary to clarify the meaning, relationship and determination of each number, in order to explore the microscopic mysteries of atoms, which are important in the fields of chemistry and physics.
Calculation of the quantum number of hydrogen is related to the microstructure of atoms and involves profound theory. The number has the principal quantum number\ (n\), which represents the energy level of the electron,\ (n = 1, 2, 3,\ cdots\). The larger the value, the higher the energy level, and the farther the electron is from the nucleus.
The angular quantum number\ (l\), which is related to the shape of the electron cloud,\ (l = 0, 1,\ cdots, n - 1\). When\ (l = 0\), the cloud is spherical;\ (l = 1\), shaped like a dumbbell. It is related to the main quantum number, indicating the electron sublayer.
Magnetic quantum number\ (m_l\), the extension direction of the surface electron cloud in space,\ (m_l = -l, -l + 1,\ cdots, 0,\ cdots, l - 1, l\). For example,\ (l = 1 \) ， \( m_l\) can be taken\ (-1, 0, 1\), that is, the dumbbell-shaped electron cloud has three extension directions.
Spin quantum number\ (m_s\), related to the electron spin, the value\ (\ pm\ frac {1} {2}\), the two spin states of the electron, similar to clockwise and counterclockwise rotation.
Calculate these quantum numbers, according to the principles of atomic physics, the atomic spectrum, external magnetic field and other methods can be used. According to the lines of the energy spectrum, the energy level transition, the value of the quantum number can be deduced.
In summary, to calculate the hydrogen quantum number, it is necessary to clarify the meaning, relationship and determination of each number, in order to explore the microscopic mysteries of atoms, which are important in the fields of chemistry and physics.
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