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How Hydrogen Peroxide Kills Bacteria

On the principle of hydrogen peroxide sterilization
Hydrogen peroxide is highly oxidizing, which is the root of its sterilization.

The body of bacteria, its cell membrane and protein are both essential to maintain survival. When hydrogen peroxide is present, its active oxygen atoms are even more powerful and attack bravely.

In the cell membrane, oxygen atoms break the structure of its lipid bilayer. The cell membrane, if the city is dry, protects the bacteria inside and controls the entry and exit of substances. The attack of hydrogen peroxide causes the membrane to be damaged, such as the collapse of the city, the material in the cell escapes, and the bacteria lose their barrier and lose their vitality.

As for proteins, they are the executors of bacterial life activities. The reactive oxygen species in hydrogen peroxide interact with the amino acid residues of proteins, or oxidize their sulfhydryl groups, or change the conformation of their space. If the protein loses its shape, it will lose its ability, and the biochemical reaction will be chaotic, making the metabolism of bacteria unsustainable.

And the hydroxyl radical generated by the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide is abnormally active. It wantonly shuttles through bacteria, dissolving when it is encountered, and destroying the structure of nucleic acids. Nucleic acids are where genetic information is stored, and if the foundation of a building. If the foundation is destroyed, the bacteria will no longer have the possibility of reproduction and eventually die.

Therefore, hydrogen peroxide can kill bacteria due to its strong oxidizing properties, breaking membranes and destroying substances, and metabolizing indiscriminately.