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How to Make Liquid Hydrogen
The method of making liquid hydrogen
If you want to get liquid hydrogen, the first thing is to understand the nature of hydrogen. Hydrogen is light and alive, and it often exists in the world as gas. To make it into a liquid, you need to go through a delicate method.
First, choose pure hydrogen gas. The source of hydrogen must be clean, and there must be no miscellaneous gas mixed with it, otherwise it will be difficult to form a good liquid. Hydrogen can be obtained by electrolysis of water or reforming of fossil fuels. However, if the electrolysis of water uses renewable electricity, it is a net source; fossil fuel reforming, although it produces a lot of hydrogen, it produces carbon emissions.
When pure hydrogen is obtained, the temperature and pressure are lowered. The critical temperature of hydrogen is extremely low, about -240 degrees Celsius, and the critical pressure is also different. To liquefy it, it needs to be lowered to a critical temperature and applied under appropriate pressure. Usually multi-stage refrigeration is used to pre-cool with liquid nitrogen, and then cryogenic with a refrigerator. It is first pressurized by the compressor to make the hydrogen airtight in the tube, and the temperature gradually decreases as the refrigerant circulates.
When the refrigerator is in operation, it absorbs and releases heat through the reverse Carnot cycle. The working fluid absorbs heat at the low temperature end, causing the hydrogen temperature to drop, and then releases heat at the high temperature end, and returns to the low temperature end, and the cycle continues. When the hydrogen temperature drops to about -253 degrees Celsius, it is pressurized, and the hydrogen begins to liquefy. It is collected in a special container. This device needs to be well insulated to prevent the liquid hydrogen from being heated and gasified.
The process of liquid hydrogen production is complicated and energy consumption is huge. However, it is a high-energy clean source, with broad prospects in the future power, energy storage and other fields. Therefore, various researchers have worked tirelessly to improve the method of hydrogen production, reduce its consumption, improve its efficiency, and make liquid hydrogen more widely used in the world.
If you want to get liquid hydrogen, the first thing is to understand the nature of hydrogen. Hydrogen is light and alive, and it often exists in the world as gas. To make it into a liquid, you need to go through a delicate method.
First, choose pure hydrogen gas. The source of hydrogen must be clean, and there must be no miscellaneous gas mixed with it, otherwise it will be difficult to form a good liquid. Hydrogen can be obtained by electrolysis of water or reforming of fossil fuels. However, if the electrolysis of water uses renewable electricity, it is a net source; fossil fuel reforming, although it produces a lot of hydrogen, it produces carbon emissions.
When pure hydrogen is obtained, the temperature and pressure are lowered. The critical temperature of hydrogen is extremely low, about -240 degrees Celsius, and the critical pressure is also different. To liquefy it, it needs to be lowered to a critical temperature and applied under appropriate pressure. Usually multi-stage refrigeration is used to pre-cool with liquid nitrogen, and then cryogenic with a refrigerator. It is first pressurized by the compressor to make the hydrogen airtight in the tube, and the temperature gradually decreases as the refrigerant circulates.
When the refrigerator is in operation, it absorbs and releases heat through the reverse Carnot cycle. The working fluid absorbs heat at the low temperature end, causing the hydrogen temperature to drop, and then releases heat at the high temperature end, and returns to the low temperature end, and the cycle continues. When the hydrogen temperature drops to about -253 degrees Celsius, it is pressurized, and the hydrogen begins to liquefy. It is collected in a special container. This device needs to be well insulated to prevent the liquid hydrogen from being heated and gasified.
The process of liquid hydrogen production is complicated and energy consumption is huge. However, it is a high-energy clean source, with broad prospects in the future power, energy storage and other fields. Therefore, various researchers have worked tirelessly to improve the method of hydrogen production, reduce its consumption, improve its efficiency, and make liquid hydrogen more widely used in the world.
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