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Hydrogen Bombs Atomic Bombs
The comparison between the hydrogen bomb and the atomic bomb
The development of the explosive bomb is extremely fast, and the hydrogen bomb and the atomic bomb are the most important among them. The two have similarities and differences in principle, power, and application. Here is a detailed analysis.
First, the principle is different
The atomic bomb relies on the ability of nuclear fission. Its core material, such as uranium-235 or plutonium-239, is bombarded by neutrons, and the nucleus of the atom breaks into two or more nuclei, and at the same time emits a huge amount of energy and more neutrons. This new neutron prompts the nuclear fission of other atoms, causing a chain reaction that instantly releases amazing energy.
The principle of the hydrogen bomb is based on nuclear fusion. The isotopes of hydrogen, deuterium and tritium, under extremely high temperature and pressure, the nuclei of atoms fuse into helium nuclei. This process is based on the mass-energy formula $E = mc ² $. Part of the mass is converted into energy, and the emission energy far exceeds nuclear fission. To initiate nuclear fusion, atomic bombs are often used to explode to produce high temperature and high pressure, so hydrogen bombs are also called thermonuclear weapons.
Second, the power
The power of atomic bombs, measured in kilotons of TNT equivalent. The first atomic bomb dropped on Hiroshima, about 15,000 tons of TNT equivalent, has destroyed the whole city, and the casualties are huge.
The power of hydrogen bombs far exceeds that of atomic bombs, measured in millions of tons or even tens of millions of tons of TNT equivalent. The "Tsar Bomb" tested by the Soviet Union is the most powerful nuclear bomb to date, with a yield of 50 million tons of TNT. When it detonates, strong light can be seen thousands of kilometers away, seismic waves circle the ground for several weeks, and atmospheric disturbances cause radio communication to be blocked for a long time.
III. Application Differences
Atomic bombs can be made into small nuclear bombs due to their moderate power, which can be used for tactical purposes. For example, in wartime, they can destroy key military strongholds, command centers, etc.
The hydrogen bomb is too powerful, and it is mostly used as a strategic deterrent. Great powers rely on it to ensure their own safety and maintain the international strategic balance in a state of "mutually assured destruction".
Both hydrogen bombs and atomic bombs have the power to destroy the world. Although they are useful in national defense strategies, human beings should also be careful to promote nuclear disarmament, protect world peace, and avoid nuclear weapons from causing global catastrophe.
The development of the explosive bomb is extremely fast, and the hydrogen bomb and the atomic bomb are the most important among them. The two have similarities and differences in principle, power, and application. Here is a detailed analysis.
First, the principle is different
The atomic bomb relies on the ability of nuclear fission. Its core material, such as uranium-235 or plutonium-239, is bombarded by neutrons, and the nucleus of the atom breaks into two or more nuclei, and at the same time emits a huge amount of energy and more neutrons. This new neutron prompts the nuclear fission of other atoms, causing a chain reaction that instantly releases amazing energy.
The principle of the hydrogen bomb is based on nuclear fusion. The isotopes of hydrogen, deuterium and tritium, under extremely high temperature and pressure, the nuclei of atoms fuse into helium nuclei. This process is based on the mass-energy formula $E = mc ² $. Part of the mass is converted into energy, and the emission energy far exceeds nuclear fission. To initiate nuclear fusion, atomic bombs are often used to explode to produce high temperature and high pressure, so hydrogen bombs are also called thermonuclear weapons.
Second, the power
The power of atomic bombs, measured in kilotons of TNT equivalent. The first atomic bomb dropped on Hiroshima, about 15,000 tons of TNT equivalent, has destroyed the whole city, and the casualties are huge.
The power of hydrogen bombs far exceeds that of atomic bombs, measured in millions of tons or even tens of millions of tons of TNT equivalent. The "Tsar Bomb" tested by the Soviet Union is the most powerful nuclear bomb to date, with a yield of 50 million tons of TNT. When it detonates, strong light can be seen thousands of kilometers away, seismic waves circle the ground for several weeks, and atmospheric disturbances cause radio communication to be blocked for a long time.
III. Application Differences
Atomic bombs can be made into small nuclear bombs due to their moderate power, which can be used for tactical purposes. For example, in wartime, they can destroy key military strongholds, command centers, etc.
The hydrogen bomb is too powerful, and it is mostly used as a strategic deterrent. Great powers rely on it to ensure their own safety and maintain the international strategic balance in a state of "mutually assured destruction".
Both hydrogen bombs and atomic bombs have the power to destroy the world. Although they are useful in national defense strategies, human beings should also be careful to promote nuclear disarmament, protect world peace, and avoid nuclear weapons from causing global catastrophe.
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