Shanxian Chemical
SUPPLEMENTS
Hydrogen In Steel
On Hydrogen in Steel
1. Introduction
Steel is the foundation of all kinds of engineering, and the quality of its quality is related to the success or failure of all things. However, although hydrogen in steel is small, it has a great impact on the properties of steel. Therefore, a detailed study of the characteristics, behavior and countermeasures of hydrogen in steel is actually a top priority for steel smelting.
Second, the source of hydrogen in steel
There are many ways for hydrogen in steel to enter. First, although raw materials containing hydrogen, such as ore and coke, have undergone roasting and refining, hydrogen may still exist. Second, when smelting, it comes into contact with hydrogen-containing media, and water vapor and hydrogen-containing gas can be hydrogen sources. Third, when casting, if the environment is humid, it will also cause hydrogen to enter the steel.
Third, the harm of hydrogen in steel
Hydrogen is more harmful than steel, and the harm is significant. First, hydrogen embrittlement. Hydrogen in steel accumulates in micro-gaps, generating internal stress, which makes the ductility and toughness of steel drop sharply, and it is easy to be brittle under force. Second, white spots. This is the internal defect caused by hydrogen in steel, which is round or oval white spots, which severely damages the strength of steel, especially in large forgings. Third, reduces fatigue life. Hydrogen increases the internal damage of steel, accelerates the initiation and expansion of fatigue cracks, and causes the fatigue life of steel to decrease sharply.
Fourth, the behavior of hydrogen in steel
Hydrogen in steel is non-static, with the property of diffusion and aggregation. When the temperature rises, the hydrogen diffusion increases rapidly and migrates in the steel. In case of defects such as grain boundaries, dislocations, inclusions, etc., hydrogen is easy to aggregate. And hydrogen interacts with alloying elements in steel, affecting its diffusion and aggregation behavior, thereby changing the structure and properties of steel.
Fifth, the method of controlling hydrogen in steel
To control hydrogen in steel, use multiple methods. The first raw material is selected and treated, and the hydrogen raw material is selected to reduce, and the amount of hydrogen is reduced after pre-treatment. Second, the smelting process is optimized, the furnace gas humidity is reduced, and the vacuum smelting method is adopted to remove hydrogen from steel. Furthermore, keep the environment dry during casting to prevent hydrogen intrusion. After that, it is also necessary to reasonably heat the place to make hydrogen escape and reduce its harm.
Sixth, Conclusion
Hydrogen in steel, although small, the harm is huge. Only by knowing its source, knowing its harm, knowing its action, and controlling its amount can steel smelters cast high-quality steel to meet the needs of all industries and promote the progress of industry and technology.
1. Introduction
Steel is the foundation of all kinds of engineering, and the quality of its quality is related to the success or failure of all things. However, although hydrogen in steel is small, it has a great impact on the properties of steel. Therefore, a detailed study of the characteristics, behavior and countermeasures of hydrogen in steel is actually a top priority for steel smelting.
Second, the source of hydrogen in steel
There are many ways for hydrogen in steel to enter. First, although raw materials containing hydrogen, such as ore and coke, have undergone roasting and refining, hydrogen may still exist. Second, when smelting, it comes into contact with hydrogen-containing media, and water vapor and hydrogen-containing gas can be hydrogen sources. Third, when casting, if the environment is humid, it will also cause hydrogen to enter the steel.
Third, the harm of hydrogen in steel
Hydrogen is more harmful than steel, and the harm is significant. First, hydrogen embrittlement. Hydrogen in steel accumulates in micro-gaps, generating internal stress, which makes the ductility and toughness of steel drop sharply, and it is easy to be brittle under force. Second, white spots. This is the internal defect caused by hydrogen in steel, which is round or oval white spots, which severely damages the strength of steel, especially in large forgings. Third, reduces fatigue life. Hydrogen increases the internal damage of steel, accelerates the initiation and expansion of fatigue cracks, and causes the fatigue life of steel to decrease sharply.
Fourth, the behavior of hydrogen in steel
Hydrogen in steel is non-static, with the property of diffusion and aggregation. When the temperature rises, the hydrogen diffusion increases rapidly and migrates in the steel. In case of defects such as grain boundaries, dislocations, inclusions, etc., hydrogen is easy to aggregate. And hydrogen interacts with alloying elements in steel, affecting its diffusion and aggregation behavior, thereby changing the structure and properties of steel.
Fifth, the method of controlling hydrogen in steel
To control hydrogen in steel, use multiple methods. The first raw material is selected and treated, and the hydrogen raw material is selected to reduce, and the amount of hydrogen is reduced after pre-treatment. Second, the smelting process is optimized, the furnace gas humidity is reduced, and the vacuum smelting method is adopted to remove hydrogen from steel. Furthermore, keep the environment dry during casting to prevent hydrogen intrusion. After that, it is also necessary to reasonably heat the place to make hydrogen escape and reduce its harm.
Sixth, Conclusion
Hydrogen in steel, although small, the harm is huge. Only by knowing its source, knowing its harm, knowing its action, and controlling its amount can steel smelters cast high-quality steel to meet the needs of all industries and promote the progress of industry and technology.
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