Shanxian Chemical
SUPPLEMENTS
Hydrogen Intermolecular Forces
Between heaven and earth, all things exist. The gas gathers and disperses, and becomes the shape of things. Now on the intermolecular force of hydrogen, this is the key to the change of the state of matter and the relationship between physical properties.
Hydrogen, although its intermolecular force is small, it is related to gasification, liquefaction and phase change. Molecules are similar, and there is van der Waals force hidden in them, while the force of hydrogen bonding, although not common to hydrogen molecules, shows its strange effectiveness in special situations.
Van der Waals force is derived from the instantaneous dipole and induced dipole of the molecule. Although the hydrogen molecule is electrically neutral, the instantaneous change of the electron cloud causes the instantaneous deviation of the positive and negative charge centers, resulting in the instantaneous dipole. At this moment, the dipole also induces the polarization of the neighboring molecules, induces the dipole, and the two attract each other, forming the basis of van der Waals force. Although its force is weak, it adds up to a lot. At low temperature and high pressure, hydrogen molecules can be aggregated and gradually become liquid or even solid.
As for hydrogen bonds, they often exist in atomic-connected systems with large electronegativity and small radius. If the hydrogen molecule is not accompanied by this special atom, there would be no hydrogen bond. However, if the environment is suitable, or after specific changes, the force of hydrogen bonds can be realized. Once the hydrogen bond is formed, the interaction between molecules increases greatly, which affects the melting, boiling point, solubility and other physical properties of hydrides.
Therefore, the investigation of the intermolecular force of hydrogen is of far-reaching significance in understanding the microstructure and physical properties of matter, as well as chemical preparation and material research and development. Knowing this, we can control the microscopic force and explore the wonders of physical properties.
Hydrogen, although its intermolecular force is small, it is related to gasification, liquefaction and phase change. Molecules are similar, and there is van der Waals force hidden in them, while the force of hydrogen bonding, although not common to hydrogen molecules, shows its strange effectiveness in special situations.
Van der Waals force is derived from the instantaneous dipole and induced dipole of the molecule. Although the hydrogen molecule is electrically neutral, the instantaneous change of the electron cloud causes the instantaneous deviation of the positive and negative charge centers, resulting in the instantaneous dipole. At this moment, the dipole also induces the polarization of the neighboring molecules, induces the dipole, and the two attract each other, forming the basis of van der Waals force. Although its force is weak, it adds up to a lot. At low temperature and high pressure, hydrogen molecules can be aggregated and gradually become liquid or even solid.
As for hydrogen bonds, they often exist in atomic-connected systems with large electronegativity and small radius. If the hydrogen molecule is not accompanied by this special atom, there would be no hydrogen bond. However, if the environment is suitable, or after specific changes, the force of hydrogen bonds can be realized. Once the hydrogen bond is formed, the interaction between molecules increases greatly, which affects the melting, boiling point, solubility and other physical properties of hydrides.
Therefore, the investigation of the intermolecular force of hydrogen is of far-reaching significance in understanding the microstructure and physical properties of matter, as well as chemical preparation and material research and development. Knowing this, we can control the microscopic force and explore the wonders of physical properties.
Scan to WhatsApp
