Shanxian Chemical
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Hydrogen Peroxide Cell Damage Mechanism
The reason why hydrogen peroxide damages cells
The reason why hydrogen peroxide damages cells
is different. The mechanism of its damage to cells involves oxidative stress first. Hydrogen peroxide has strong oxidative properties and can cause a large increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) when it enters cells. ROS, like a sharp blade, randomly cuts all biological macromolecules in the cell, breaks the lipid bilayer of the cell membrane, and induces lipid peroxidation. In this process, lipid peroxidation products such as malondialdehyde can also be cross-linked with proteins, nucleic acids, etc., destroying its structure and function, causing the cell membrane to lose its barrier function, and the cell homeostasis is chaotic.
Furthermore, ROS invades proteins, altering their amino acid residues, causing protein conformational changes and loss of activity. Many enzyme proteins are robbed, and the chain of biochemical reactions in the cell is broken, and the metabolism is disordered. For example, enzymes involved in energy metabolism are damaged, cell productivity is blocked, and life activities are unable to continue.
And nucleic acids are not immune. ROS can cause DNA base modification and chain break. If DNA is damaged, genetic information transmission, transcription, and replication are all wrong. If the cell repair mechanism is overwhelmed, the cell can go to apoptosis or cancer.
In addition, hydrogen peroxide can stimulate abnormal signaling pathways in cells. Under normal circumstances, the signaling pathways are orderly and control cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. And hydrogen peroxide disrupts it, or causes the apoptosis signal to be too strong, and the cells die prematurely; or the proliferation signal is out of control, the cells grow crazy, and the risk of tumorigenesis increases.
In summary, hydrogen peroxide damages cells, starting with oxidative stress, involving biomacromolecules, metabolism and signaling pathways, and harming cell physiology.
The reason why hydrogen peroxide damages cells
is different. The mechanism of its damage to cells involves oxidative stress first. Hydrogen peroxide has strong oxidative properties and can cause a large increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) when it enters cells. ROS, like a sharp blade, randomly cuts all biological macromolecules in the cell, breaks the lipid bilayer of the cell membrane, and induces lipid peroxidation. In this process, lipid peroxidation products such as malondialdehyde can also be cross-linked with proteins, nucleic acids, etc., destroying its structure and function, causing the cell membrane to lose its barrier function, and the cell homeostasis is chaotic.
Furthermore, ROS invades proteins, altering their amino acid residues, causing protein conformational changes and loss of activity. Many enzyme proteins are robbed, and the chain of biochemical reactions in the cell is broken, and the metabolism is disordered. For example, enzymes involved in energy metabolism are damaged, cell productivity is blocked, and life activities are unable to continue.
And nucleic acids are not immune. ROS can cause DNA base modification and chain break. If DNA is damaged, genetic information transmission, transcription, and replication are all wrong. If the cell repair mechanism is overwhelmed, the cell can go to apoptosis or cancer.
In addition, hydrogen peroxide can stimulate abnormal signaling pathways in cells. Under normal circumstances, the signaling pathways are orderly and control cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. And hydrogen peroxide disrupts it, or causes the apoptosis signal to be too strong, and the cells die prematurely; or the proliferation signal is out of control, the cells grow crazy, and the risk of tumorigenesis increases.
In summary, hydrogen peroxide damages cells, starting with oxidative stress, involving biomacromolecules, metabolism and signaling pathways, and harming cell physiology.
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