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Industrial Hydrogen Production Methods
On industrial hydrogen production
Industrial hydrogen production is related to the heavy equipment of the country, and there are many methods, all of which are important for development. Today's detailed discussion is to clarify the rationale and pass the way.
The method of industrial hydrogen production is the first to promote fossil fuel reforming. Among them, natural gas steam reforming is used. Natural gas mainly contains methane. In the environment of high temperature and catalyst, methane is phased with water vapor, and the reaction formula is: $CH_ {4} + H_ {2} O\ stackrel {catalyst} {\ longtarrow} CO + 3H_ {2} $. The first carbon monoxide is obtained, and then through the transformation reaction, $CO + H_ {2} O\ stackrel {catalyst} {\ longrightarrow} CO_ {2} + H_ {2} $to increase the yield of hydrogen. This way The raw material is easy to obtain, the process is mature, but it is accompanied by the emission of carbon dioxide, which is a worry for environmental protection.
Coal gasification to produce hydrogen is also an important method. Coal is gasified and co-produced with oxygen and water vapor to form synthesis gas, which contains carbon monoxide and hydrogen. The process is complicated, and the coal type, gasifier and conditions are all affected. Follow-up treatment and natural gas reforming, removal of impurities and transformation, to obtain high-purity hydrogen. This way has obvious advantages in places where coal is abundant, which can extend the coal industry chain. However, energy consumption is high, and pollution also needs good governance.
Hydrogen by-production in the chlor-alkali industry should not be underestimated. Chlor-alkali production, electrolysis saturated salt water, anode chlorine gas generation, cathode hydrogen production, reaction formula: $2NaCl + 2H_ {2} O\ stackrel {electrolysis} {\ longrightarrow} 2NaOH + Cl_ {2}\ uparrow + H_ {2}\ uparrow $. The hydrogen produced is of high purity, and the cost is excellent due to its collinearity with chlor-alkali. The scale depends on the chlor-alkali production capacity.
Hydrogen production by water electrolysis, a clean method. Water in the electrolytic cell, through direct current, divided into hydrogen and oxygen, $2H_ {2} O\ stackrel {electrolysis} {\ longrightarrow} 2H_ {2}\ uparrow + O_ {2}\ uparrow $. Its hydrogen is pure and high quality, no pollution, but it consumes a lot of energy, and electricity price is the key to cost. If it is matched with renewable energy generation and electrolysis, such as wind power and photoelectricity, it can become a green cycle and has broad prospects.
Biological hydrogen production is an emerging way. Microorganisms in a suitable environment produce hydrogen by using biomass as the substrate. Photosynthetic bacteria and fermentation bacteria have their own methods. This way is mild and environmentally friendly, and the raw materials are widely distributed. However, the technology is not mature, and the hydrogen production efficiency needs to be improved. Large-scale application will take time.
All methods of industrial hydrogen production have their own advantages and disadvantages. When choosing a method, consider the supply of raw materials, energy consumption, environmental impact, and economic efficiency. With the development of science and technology, the optimization of tradition, and the development of new technologies, industrial hydrogen production must be the foundation for industrial prosperity and environmental friendliness, leading to future development.
Industrial hydrogen production is related to the heavy equipment of the country, and there are many methods, all of which are important for development. Today's detailed discussion is to clarify the rationale and pass the way.
The method of industrial hydrogen production is the first to promote fossil fuel reforming. Among them, natural gas steam reforming is used. Natural gas mainly contains methane. In the environment of high temperature and catalyst, methane is phased with water vapor, and the reaction formula is: $CH_ {4} + H_ {2} O\ stackrel {catalyst} {\ longtarrow} CO + 3H_ {2} $. The first carbon monoxide is obtained, and then through the transformation reaction, $CO + H_ {2} O\ stackrel {catalyst} {\ longrightarrow} CO_ {2} + H_ {2} $to increase the yield of hydrogen. This way The raw material is easy to obtain, the process is mature, but it is accompanied by the emission of carbon dioxide, which is a worry for environmental protection.
Coal gasification to produce hydrogen is also an important method. Coal is gasified and co-produced with oxygen and water vapor to form synthesis gas, which contains carbon monoxide and hydrogen. The process is complicated, and the coal type, gasifier and conditions are all affected. Follow-up treatment and natural gas reforming, removal of impurities and transformation, to obtain high-purity hydrogen. This way has obvious advantages in places where coal is abundant, which can extend the coal industry chain. However, energy consumption is high, and pollution also needs good governance.
Hydrogen by-production in the chlor-alkali industry should not be underestimated. Chlor-alkali production, electrolysis saturated salt water, anode chlorine gas generation, cathode hydrogen production, reaction formula: $2NaCl + 2H_ {2} O\ stackrel {electrolysis} {\ longrightarrow} 2NaOH + Cl_ {2}\ uparrow + H_ {2}\ uparrow $. The hydrogen produced is of high purity, and the cost is excellent due to its collinearity with chlor-alkali. The scale depends on the chlor-alkali production capacity.
Hydrogen production by water electrolysis, a clean method. Water in the electrolytic cell, through direct current, divided into hydrogen and oxygen, $2H_ {2} O\ stackrel {electrolysis} {\ longrightarrow} 2H_ {2}\ uparrow + O_ {2}\ uparrow $. Its hydrogen is pure and high quality, no pollution, but it consumes a lot of energy, and electricity price is the key to cost. If it is matched with renewable energy generation and electrolysis, such as wind power and photoelectricity, it can become a green cycle and has broad prospects.
Biological hydrogen production is an emerging way. Microorganisms in a suitable environment produce hydrogen by using biomass as the substrate. Photosynthetic bacteria and fermentation bacteria have their own methods. This way is mild and environmentally friendly, and the raw materials are widely distributed. However, the technology is not mature, and the hydrogen production efficiency needs to be improved. Large-scale application will take time.
All methods of industrial hydrogen production have their own advantages and disadvantages. When choosing a method, consider the supply of raw materials, energy consumption, environmental impact, and economic efficiency. With the development of science and technology, the optimization of tradition, and the development of new technologies, industrial hydrogen production must be the foundation for industrial prosperity and environmental friendliness, leading to future development.
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